public class Scoping extends JApplet {
JTextArea outputArea;
// field that is accessible to all methods of this class
int x = 1;
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// create applet's GUI
public void init() {
outputArea = new JTextArea();
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add( outputArea );
} // end method init
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// method start called after init completes; start calls
// methods useLocal and useField
public void start() {
int x = 5; // local variable in method start that shadows field x
outputArea.append( "local x in start is " + x );
useLocal(); // useLocal has local x
useField(); // useField uses Scoping's field x
useLocal(); // useLocal reinitializes local x
useField(); // Scoping's field x retains its value
outputArea.append( "\n\nlocal x in start is " + x );
} // end method start
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// useLocal creates and initializes local variable x during each call
public void useLocal() {
int x = 25; // initialized each time useLocal is called
outputArea.append( "\n\nlocal x in useLocal is " + x + " after entering useLocal" );
++x;
outputArea.append( "\nlocal x in useLocal is " + x + " before exiting useLocal" );
} // end method useLocal
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// useField modifies Scoping's field x during each call
public void useField() {
outputArea.append( "\n\nfield x is " + x + " on entering useField" );
x *= 10;
outputArea.append( "\nfield x is " + x + " on exiting useField" );
} // end method useField
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} // end class Scoping
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