Variable
all variables must be declared before they are used in expressions and statements
a variable/identifier consists of a sequence of letters, digits, and underscores, but may not begin with a digit or use a C Keyword, (syntax) and should be chosen to reflect their use in the program (semantic)
e.g. char answer; /* reply is 'y' or 'n' */
int upper; /* maximum size */
double epsilon; /* smallest step */